The Enduring Orchard.
The hand of nature and the hand of man join together in raising food. The continued survival of a New England orchard through three centuries of war and peace affirms that unique bond and enriches our history. Sometimes in September, when the air is still, and the...

Environmental crimes.
I. INTRODUCTION Nine principle statutes govern the enforcement of federal environmental regulations through criminal prosecution. After a brief discussion in Section II of issues common to most of these statutes, including theories of liability, defenses, and sentencing issues, this article addresses each of these statutes in turn....

Sharing scarcity: bread rationing and the First World War in Berlin, 1914-1923.
The destruction of local bread rationing center #46 made a lasting impression on its daytime inhabitants. Those first to arrive at the scene on the drizzling October morning found splinters strewn across the sidewalk and a gaping hole where the door had been. The interior of the normally meticulously-arranged...

Environmental crimes.
I. Introduction Federal enforcement of environmental regulations through criminal prosecution occurs under eight principal statutes. The Clean Air Act (CAA)(1) imposes penalties on those who knowingly violate federal or state regulations designed to achieve ambient air quality standards established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The Federal...

Flower power: finding an environmentally conscious florist is worth the trouble.
Since flowers and plants are, at their roots, products of nature, conscientious consumers tend to consider them a dependably green buy. Why wouldn't a floral shop purchase be environmentally benign? After all, florists deal in the currency of nature, sending bits and pieces of it home with flower lovers...

Environmental crimes.
I. INTRODUCTION Nine principle statutes govern the enforcement of federal environmental regulations through criminal prosecution. After a brief discussion in Section II of issues common to most of these statutes, including theories of liability, defenses, and sentencing issues, this article addresses each of these statutes in turn....

Environmental crimes.
I. Introduction II. New Developments A. Trends in B. New Directions in Enforcement C. Legislative Developments D. Proposed Sentencing Guidelines E. Judicial Developments III. Common Issues A. Liability 1. Corporate 2. Responsible Corporate Officer Doctrine B. Avoiding Prosecution 1. Constitutional...

Scarcity in Abundance: Food and Non-Food(*).
Introduction The title of this essay puts the words "scarcity" and "abundance" together in a deliberate effort to make them grate against one another. "Scarcity in abundance" is designed to provoke recollecting the maldistribution of access to food. Shamelessly trading on a double meaning, the intention is...

Environmental crimes.
I. INTRODUCTION II. COMMON ISSUES A. Liability 1. Corporate 2. Responsible Corporate Officer Doctrine B. Common Defenses 1. Constitutional Defenses 2. Other Defenses C. Sentencing Issues 1. Voluntary Compliance III. RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND RECOVERY...

Fall-winter planting and maintenance guide.
Fall is the best time to plant for permanence TEMPTING AS IT MAY BE to buy perennials and shrubs in luscious spring bloom, fall is a better time to plant them in the West's mild-winter regions. A plant set out now has summer's peak heat behind it, the probability...