Joint employment and independent contractors under the migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Worker Protection Act.
The Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Worker Protection Act (MSPA) provides employment-related protections to migrant and seasonal agricultural workers. Every nonexempt farm labor contractor, agricultural employer and agricultural association who "employs" workers must: * Provide written disclosure of the terms and conditions of employment. * Post...

Beating plowshares into townhomes: the loss of farmland and strategies for slowing its conversion to nonagricultural uses.
I. INTRODUCTION Despite efforts to preserve prime agricultural land for production, farmland continues to be converted at a rate of around 1.5 million acres per year in the United States.(1) Farming is a productive industry which generates revenue and contributes to local economies. It also provides jobs...

State rules break up stay-home work force.
Byline: SHERRI BURI McDONALD The Register-Guard BLACHLY - In the four years that Migel Santana assembled miniature flashlights at his home for Laughing Rabbit Inc., a manufacturer in this tiny rural community about 40 miles west of Eugene, he never once thought of himself as an LRI...

The experience of resettled farmers in Zimbabwe.
Abstract: This study assesses the relative productivity of smallholder farmers in zimbabwe's land reform and resettlement programme. We use a panel of survey data collected in 1992, 1993, 1996, and 1997 from up to 400 resettled households, who in 1981-84 had been moved onto previously large-scale commercial farms in...

The work ethic of the plain folk: labor and religion in the Old South.
FACED WITH THE PROSPECT OF IMMINENT DEPARTURE TO SERVE IN THE Confederate army, North Carolina farmer John Fletcher Flintoff instructed his family on life and faith in his diary entry of March 10, 1864: "I desire that you live on the premises I leave you and work the land...

War on the poor.
WHEN Marvin Gempler, manager of the Washington Growers League in Washington State, wrote to the Legal Services Corporation in Washington, D.C., to complain about the onslaught of cases against farmers by Evergreen Legal Services, he received with his reply a copy of an article: "The Quest for Justice: Why Does...

The Agricultural Situation in Post-War Afghanistan.
Abstract: Between 1978 and 1991, the Russian occupation of Afghanistan caused extensive damage to the country's agricultural infrastructure. The ability of the country to recover and to address the needs of the more than 5 million Afghan refugees waiting to be repatriated is dependent on the recovery of the...

Optimizing the spatial structure of the agricultural production function.
Important characteristics of spatial agricultural production functions are derived by introducing a non-negative curvilinear spatial demand function for production input intensities. Given the usual neoclassical rationale assumptions of spatial demand for capital and labor inputs under competitive environment of farming in developing agricultural economies, the optimal production levels are...

Labor exchange systems in Japan and DR Congo: similarities and differences.
Abstract: In this essay, I attempt a comparison of two labor exchange systems employed respectively by Japanese and Congolese (Tembo) peasants. The Japanese system is known as yui, while the Tembo system is called likilimba. Yui and likilimba have several basic principles in common: (1) mutual assistance, (2) exchange...

Using occupational preference in estimating market wage discrimination: the case of the gender pay gap.
Decomposition of a Reduced-form Wage Equation I Introduction Most empirical studies of market wage discrimination based on human-capital wage equations generate an estimate of potential discrimination either from a coefficient on a gender variable or from an unexplained residual component. It is widely...