Transformation and future of public enterprises in continental Western Europe (1).
Abstract This article recognizes that in Continental Western Europe public enterprises have recently gone through a quick revolution which has made them regional and even global players, particularly in infrastructure development and management. This is the outcome of institutional changes both within the enterprises and outside in...

The determinants of the incidence of intergovernmental grants: a survey of the international experience.
Abstract Although the presence of objective formula-based grants is an important component of a stable, equitable and efficient system of intergovernmental fiscal relations, the final incidence of grants is not always according to what is stated in the formula because there are other intervening institutional factors. Furthermore,...

Back-Alley Banking: Private Entrepreneurs in China.
Kellee S. Tsai Ithaca, N.Y.: Columbia University Press, 2002, 316 pp. There is a popular saying in China: "Whenever there are policies from the top, the bottom produces counterstrategies" (shangyou zhengce, xiayou duice). According to Kellee Tsai, that has certainly been true of China's informal network for...

Super-Scenic Motorway: A Blue Ridge Parkway History.
Super-Scenic Motorway: A Blue Ridge Parkway History. By Anne Mitchell Whisnant. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, c. 2006. Pp. xxvi, 434. $34.95, ISBN 978-0-8078-3037-6.) National park histories have multiplied over the past few decades, perhaps indicative of the growing and sustained interest in environmental history...

Smugglers' Notch Resort Provides Cool Rewards for Commuters Who Help Freeze Global Warming.
Family Resort Joins the New York Tri-State 5,000,000 Mile Rideshare Challenge and Rewards Participating Commuters With Free Lift Tickets and Family Vacation Packages ESSEX, Conn., Dec. 11 /PRNewswire/ -- NuRide, Inc. (http://www.nuride.com/), the nation's first incentive-based ridesharing network, announced that Smugglers' Notch, Vermont (http://www.smuggs.com/), America's Family Resort,...

'It's co-operation ...'.
Miller, William, and Pellen, Rita M, eds Libraries beyond their institutions: partnerships that work. Binghamton, NY: Haworth Information Press, 2005. 230p US$39.95 soft cover ISBN 078902909X (also published as Resource Sharing & Information Networks 18, 1/2) Question: What do local governments, government agencies, community organisations, regional education...

Timing and form of federal regulation: the case of climate change.
INTRODUCTION I. STATES AS INCREMENTAL CATALYSTS A. Federal Floors B. Defensive Preemption and Federal Ceilings II. CLIMATE CHANGE A. The "Puzzle" of State Initiatives B. Overview of State Initiatives 1. State Renewable Portfolio Standards 2. Emissions Caps for New Power Plants 3. Caps and Offsets for Existing Power Plants...

How Europe employs disguised regulatory protectionism to weaken American free enterprise *.
Abstract The European region regulates more than any single country in the world, and such over-regulation, along with higher taxes and labor and environmental standards, has increasingly caused European industry to lag behind its Asian and American competitors. As a result, a growing competitiveness and technology gap...

Pennsylvania Governor Rendell Says Go Global Program Prepares PA Firms for International Markets.
New Grant Program Part of $15 Million World Trade PA Initiative HARRISBURG, Pa., Nov. 2 /PRNewswire/ -- Governor Edward G. Rendell today unveiled a new program under the state's World Trade PA initiative that will help prepare Pennsylvania's businesses to compete internationally. The Go Global...

Local regulation of natural resources: efficiency, effectiveness, and fairness of wetlands permitting in Massachusetts.
I. INTRODUCTION In the last third of the twentieth century, governance of the environment, both natural resources and pollution aspects, has become a central public concern. Despite the popular tendency to blur these two sets of problems under the encompassing rubric of "environment," they raise distinctly different...