Thailand revisited.
Byline: Fidel V. Ramos A LITTLE over a year ago in this same space, I wrote about Thailand and the Philippines noting that "In Thailand, it was the period of mounting angry protests against Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra and, here at home coincidentally, it was the 20th...

Investigative integration of the code of the higher Iraqi criminal court and the general principles of the Iraqi penal code: basic outcomes.
INTRODUCTION At the end of World War I, after the Ottoman Empire was defeated, Iraq was separated from the Ottoman State, allowing a new Iraqi state to appear in its modern shape with Prince Faisal Bin Al-Hussein (who was known as Faisal I) as king. In 1925,...

AU's new policy shift.
I read with great interest the article: AU: From non-interference to non-indifference (NA, March). Despite Prof Alpha Konare's championing a new policy, it has to be said that the record of the African Union so far indicates that it has hardly lived up to its potential in the field...

Uncivil War: Five New Orleans Street Battles and the Rise and Fall of Radical Reconstruction.
Uncivil War: Five New Orleans Street Battles and the Rise and Fall of Radical Reconstruction. By James K. Hogue. (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2006. Pp. xvi, 227. $45.00, ISBN 978-0-8071-3147-3.) James K. Hogue makes a fresh and compelling case for reinterpreting "Reconstruction politics ... as...

Pursuing peace in the Horn of Africa.
An earlier version of this paper was delivered in Waterloo on 10 November 2006 as part of the Project Ploughshares 30th anniversary symposium. "Canadian Responses to Contemporary Threats to International Peace and Security." ********** Five or ten years ago, Ernie and some other colleagues and...

Ghana: five decades of independence 1957-2007.
The ups and downs of the golden nation Ghana from 1957 Ghana gained independence from Britain on 6 March 1957 with kwame Nkrumah as prime minister. He sought to develop Ghana into a modern, industrialised unitary state, and set about building a nation that the...

Costa Rica.
When the first European settlers arrived in what is now Costa Rica in the 16th century, there were an estimated 19 indigenous chiefdoms with about 400,000 inhabitants. Little record is left of that life, and Costa Rica is bereft of the pyramids that dot Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras. ...

Turkey-Iran Relations, 1979-2004: Revolution, Ideology, War, Coups and Geopolitics.
Turkey-Iran Relations, 1979-2004: Revolution, Ideology, War, Coups and Geopolitics, by Robert Olson. Mazda Publishers, 2004. 284 pages, with bibliography and index. $35.00, paperback. The imperial nature of the United States has usually been hidden behind various rationalizations and excuses. We have explained our wars of expansion by...

Experience is the best teacher.
Byline: Adrian E. Cristobal FVR is by far the best authority on coups, having been involved in the two EDSAs, first against Marcos and second against Erap (as people of experience continue to believe that his walk from the airport was the signal for his military colleagues...

Governments do lie.
Responding to George Case's article in Vol. 12 No. 4, we unfortunately live in a world where political conspiracies do occur (e.g., Watergate, Iran-Contra). It's a world where governments often do abuse their power by committing brutal acts, such as assassinations or coups d'etat, and hiding the facts from...