Larger social networks have a protective influence on the cognitive functioning of older women. Researchers recruited 2,249 participants aged 78 or above from a longitudinal study of hormone replacement therapy and dementia in older women. Researchers conducted annual telephone interviews until

the women either developed dementia or died. Using a social network measure, researchers assessed the size of the participants' active social network (people regularly seen or heard from), perceived support network (persons who could be called on for help), and perceived network of confidants (persons the participants could talk with about private matters). Over the four-year follow-up, larger social networks in all three assessment areas were strongly associated with a lower risk of dementia. These findings suggest that social engagement may facilitate access to health care and healthy outcomes for elderly women, forestalling conditions that affect their cognitive function.

American Journal of Public Health, July 2008