Bolivia is fortunate to have had the lifetime services of the renowned and distinguished geologist Friedrich (Federico) Ahlfeld, respected as "The Father of Bolivian Geology." In a career of over fifty years in mining geology in his adopted country of Bolivia, he published numerous works on the

INTRODUCTION

Federico Ahlfeld is well-known internationally as "The Father of Bolivian Geology," primarily for his voluminous bibliography of published works on the geology and mineralogy of that country (compiled here for the first time). In addition to his definitive books and articles, he also made the first geological and mineral deposit maps of Bolivia. The mineral ahlfeldite, a hydrated nickel selenite discovered at the Pacajake mine in Bolivia, was named in his honor in 1935.

Federico Ahlfeld was a mineralogist, economic geologist and regional geologist with specialities in ore deposits, ore genesis and metallogenic belts; in particular, he was considered a world expert on tin and tungsten. He worked in Bolivia during the heyday of the great tin, tungsten, antimony and silver mines, and made valuable studies of many of these famous deposits including Uncia-Llallagua, Pulacayo, the Cerro Rico of Potosi, Colquechaca, Carguaicollo, Chicote Grande and many smaller deposits. He also studied the mines and minerals of Peru and Argentina, as well as tin and tungsten deposits in Russia, China and Europe.

EARLY WORK

Friedrich Ahlfeld was born on 6 October 1892 in Marburg, Germany, the son of Friedrich Ahlfeld and Elizabeth Volhner. He studied Mining Engineering at the Mining School of Clausthal from 1910 to 1914, and after serving in World War I he completed his degree in 1919, specializing in Geology and Mineral Deposits. In 1921 he was awarded his doctorate from Clausthal for his thesis on the minerals of the Hesse-Nassau Province in Germany. During the next two years Ahlfeld visited Italy, Austria, Yugoslavia and Romania as a consultant.

Traveling via Venezuela, Ahlfeld first arrived in Bolivia in 1924 at the age of 32. He had been hired as a geologist for Mauricio Hochschild & Compania, La Paz, for whom his first study was of the old silver mines of Carangas in the Western Cordillera. He also visited Peru during this period and published studies of the antimony deposits of Acora (Puno) in 1926. After spending a year consulting in Germany, he participated in the German Andean Expedition to the Cordillera Real of Bolivia in 1927-1928 with the renowned geographer Dr. Carl Troll. In 1929 he traveled to Africa, visiting Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe), Congo and Tanzania, and attended the International Geological Congress in Pretoria. He returned to Marburg between 1929 and 1932 to study Mineralogy and was appointed Dozent (Professor) of Mineralogy, Petrography and Economic Geology there in 1931, a post he held until 1934.

Returning periodically to Bolivia, he visited the Colquijirca silver mine in Peru in 1931 and climbed El Misti Volcano overlooking Arequipa. In 1932 and 1933 he was an Adviser of the Russian Government in Tashkent, and published papers on the mineralogy and mineral deposits of Turkestan (Turkmenistan) and Kazakhstan. He returned to Bolivia as Chief Geologist of the Bolivian Government in La Paz from 1935 to 1936. This was followed in 1937 by a position as a Geologist at Nanking (Nanjing) for the Chinese Government, where he supervised exploration for tin deposits in Hunan.

RETURN TO BOLIVIA

In 1938 Friedrich Ahlfeld was appointed Chief Geologist in charge of the Geology Section of the new Directorate General of Mines and Petroleum, the precursor to the Geological Survey of Bolivia, a position he held until 1946. During this period he pioneered geological studies in the remote tropical lowlands of the Precambrian shield of eastern Bolivia. He discovered the iron ore deposit of Mutun at Puerto Suarez on the Brazilian frontier in 1939. In 1943 he made a geological survey of the route of the proposed railway from Santa Cruz to Puerto Suarez.

Between 1946 and 1948 he was Chief and Researcher of the Department of Metallurgy in the new Institute of Geology and Mining of the National University of Tucuman in the city of Jujuy, and at the same time was Professor at the School of Mines there. Jujuy is on the southern continuation of the Bolivian Tin Belt in northwestern Argentina.

Ahlfeld surveyed the mineral deposits of the region and published a book on the mineralogy of Argentina.

Following this he worked for Hochschilds' tin mining company in Bolivia, Empresa Minera Unificada del Cerro de Potosi, from 1949 to 1950, and then for Patino Mines and Enterprises in 1951 to 1952. Upon the nationalization of the Bolivian mining industry in that year, Ahlfeld went to Bilbao in Spain as a consultant for the Jose Lippeheide mining company in the Basque province between 1953 and 1954. He published his monograph on the mineral deposits of Bolivia in Bilbao in 1954, and in the same year he published a paper about the tungsten deposits of Spain. In 1955 he returned to Bolivia as a consultant geologist to various organizations including the United Nations (1956-1960) and the German Geological Mission in Bolivia (1959 to 1963). He made his last visit to Germany in 1960, and traveled to Switzerland in 1961. He was Professor of Geology and Mineralogy at the University of San Andres in La Paz from 1956 to 1960, Honorary Professor of the Tomas Frias University in Potosi, Honorary Professor of the Bolivian Technological Institute in La Paz (1963), and was Chief of the Bolivian Geological Survey, GEOBOL. In 1963 he mapped the Ayopaya province for the German Mission at the age of 71, quite a rem arkable feat even for a much younger man in this very steep and remote sub-tropical region.

MINERALOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS

Ahlfeld was foremost a mineralogist and made many important contributions to mineralogy, especially of tin and tungsten and their low-temperature minerals, and of sulfosalts--the typical minerals of the Bolivian Tin Belt. He discovered the new mineral ramdohrite at the Chocaya mine in southern Bolivia in 1930, and angelellite in Argentina, and described several other new mineral species whose names are now obsolete. He pioneered studies relating the crystal habit of cassiterite to temperature of deposition. Ahlfeld also studied the metallogenic belts of Bolivia, notably the Tin Belt. Ahlfeld's regional studies served as a basis for oil exploration and led to the discovery of new oil fields in the vicinity of Santa Cruz in the 1950's. There was probably no part of the vast and varied land of Bolivia, nor any Bolivian mine, that he did not visit, from the high Andes to the jungles.

Ahlfeld's interests included mountaineering, archaeology, ethnography and photography. His mountaineering skills were of great help in fieldwork in the high Andes. He participated in numerous mountaineering expeditions and is credited with the discovery of many new peaks and routes. He was a founding member of the Club Andino Boliviano and one of its early presidents. He also studied the provenance of semiprecious stones and rocks from the important pre-Incan Tiwanaku site in Bolivia. He identified the sodalite used in jewelry at Tiwanaku as being from Cerro Sapo in the Ayopaya alkaline province, a deposit which he himself had discovered. He also discovered a pre-Incan semiprecious mine at Turco, Bolivia.

Ahlfeld's greatest legacy is his prodigious list of publications which have greatly enriched the Bolivian geological and mineralogical literature. He published 142 works on Bolivia between 1925 and 1975. These include several on geography, mountaineering, archaeology and ethnography. In addition there are some 36 publications on other countries including Argentina (11), Russia (7), Peru (5), Africa (3), Germany (3), Italy (3), China (2), Venezuela (1) and Spain (1), plus eight on general mineralogy, making a total of 186 publications. He was sole author of all but 24 of these papers, and senior author of almost all of the rest. Most of his works were published in German and Spanish, which is why he is poorly known to English-speaking geologists and mineralogists. His main English publications were six papers in Economic Geology between 1930 and 1948, mainly on the Bolivian tin and tungsten deposits, and an important paper on the metallogenic belts of Bolivia in Mineralium Deposita in 1967.

Ahlfeld's principal books, all in Spanish or German, were The Minerals of Bolivia (all titles given here in English) with Jorje Munoz-Reyes, now in its sixth edition and still in print after 65 years. It was first published in Spanish in La Paz in 1937, with a German edition in Berlin the following year, new Spanish editions in 1943 and 1955, and a student edition in La Paz in 1967; it was recently updated by Salomon Rivas in Santa Cruz in 1998. The 1955 edition listed 242 mineral species in Bolivia (a number which had more than doubled to 515 by 1998). The Mineral Deposits of Bolivia was published in Berlin in 1939 with Jorje Munoz-Reyes, with Spanish versions in La Paz in 1941, 1954 and 1964, the latter with Albrecht Schneider-Scherbina. He published the first Map of the Mineral Deposits of Bolivia in La Paz in 1946. The Geology of Bolivia with Professor Leonardo Branisa was published in Argentina in 1946 and in La Paz in 1960, with a popular edition published in La Paz in 1972. The Physical Geography of Bo livia was published in La Paz in 1969 and reprinted in 1973. Ahlfeld also published a monograph on The Tungsten Deposits of Bolivia (La Paz, 1942) and a monograph on Tin and Tungsten (Stuttgart, 1958).

Federico Ahlfeld also made important contributions to the Argentinian geological and mineralogical literature. The Minerals of Argentina was published with Victorio Angelelli in Jujuy in 1948. This was the precursor to the classic treatise on the mineral deposits of Argentina published by Angelelli in 1950 and 1984.

AHLFELD'S MINERAL COLLECTIONS

Ahlfeld built several important mineral collections. An early collection was purchased in 1932 jointly by Harvard University (Cambridge, Massachusetts) and the U.S. National Museum's Smithsonian Institute (Washington). The idea of a joint purchase was put forward by Charles Palache, Harvard's curator, and accepted by William Foshag, USNM curator. Foshag selected one third of the collection for the USNM, amounting to 319 specimens, and the rest was retained by Harvard. All paperwork from Ahlfeld was retained by Palache (Paul W. Powbat, Smithsonian Museum, personai communication). It is reported that Ahlfeld later donated important collections of minerals and fossils to the Tiahuanaco Archaeological Museum in La Paz and the Bolivian Directorate of Mines and Petroleum in La Paz, and that his library was donated in 1980 to the Geological Institute of the University of San Andres in La Paz (Danieli, 1986). His son Manfred retains an important selection of specimens from the collection in Mexico, while the rest has been dispersed by dealers. Ahlfeld sold many pieces himself before he died, to dealers including Jack Young and Charles Key. His widow sold the rest, mainly to Terry Szenics, who in turn sold the best pieces to the Azurite Corporation (Alfredo Petrov, personal communication).

HONORS

Ahlfeld was elected to the Society of Economic Geologists of the USA in 1930. He held the office of Regional Vice-President for South America in 1941 and again in 1953. He was also a Member of the Society of American Mineralogists; a Member of the Mineralogische Gesellschaft of Berlin; and a Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Bolivia. He was awarded the Service Cross of Germany; the Condor of the Andes (1960)--the highest civilian decoration of Bolivia; and the Mining Merit Medal by the Ministry of Mines and Metallurgy of Bolivia in 1976.

The square at the entrance to the Bolivian Geological Survey (SERGEOMIN, formerly GEOBOL) in La Paz is named Ahlfeld Plaza in his honor, and features a bust of him. He is also commemorated in the naming of the Federico Ahlfeld Falls on the Pauserna River on the Huanchaca Plateau in the Noel Kempif National Park in eastern Bolivia, This remote region was discovered by the legendary British explorer Colonel Percy Harrison Fawcett in 1908-1909, whose lectures in London are said to have inspired The Lost World of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, published in 1912 (Fawcett, 1953).

Ahlfeld became a Bolivian citizen in 1938. He and his family acquired a house in Cochabamba in 1947 and moved there permanentiy in 1964; he was later made an Honorary Citizen of that city of eternal spring. He was also made an Honorary Citizen of the Province of Ayopaya. His friend, Dr. Fritz Berndt (after whom berndtite is named), is still alive and living in Ahifeld's former home in Cochabamba; Berndt, who described Ahlfeld as a person of strong self-discipline who worked at keeping himself in good physical shape, recalls visiting mines with him when Ahlfeld was in his seventies. It is said that "even in his eighties he was still a forceful personality, disguising his age with a youthful agility and full mental ability" (Neate, 1987). His health started to fail in 1975 and he died in Cochabamba in his ninetieth year on 9 January 1982. He was survived by his wife, Isegret Goltz, and son, Manfred Ahlfeld.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Manfred Ahlfeld and Dr. Fritz Berndt are thanked for their help with this article. Sheila Meredith and Wendy Cawthorne of the Library of the Geological Society of London helped to compile the bibliography. Sue Courtney, SEG Membership Secretary, is thanked for information from the Society of Economic Geologists records. Daniel Buck of Washington provided mountaineering references.

REFERENCES

ANGELELLI, V. (1950) Recursos Minerales de la Republica Argentina--I, Yacimientos Metaliferos. [The Mineral Resources of the Republic of Argentina--I, Metalliferous Deposits.]

ANGELELLI, V. (1984) Yacimientos Metaliferos de la Republica Argentina. 2 vols. [The Metalliferous Deposits of the Republic of Argentina.]

ANONYMOUS (1942) Quien es Quien en Bolivia. La Paz, Bolivia. [Who Is Who in Bolivia.]

ANONYMOUS (1986) Biografia Dr. Federico Ahlfeld 1892--1982. Servicio Geologico de Bolivia, 6 p. [Biography of Dr. Federico Ahlfeld, 1892--1982.]

AVILA SALINAS, W. A. (1982) Homenaje Postuma a Federico Ahlfeld (1892--1982). Servicio Nacional de Geologia y Mineria (SERGEOMIN), La Paz, Bolivia, unpublished report, 5 p. [Posthumous homage to Federico Ahlfed (1892--1982).]

BARTH, W. (1983) Nachruf Friedrich Ahlfeld 6.10.1982--9.1.1982. In: VIII Geowissenschaftliches Lateinamerika-Kolloquium (Eighth Latin American Earth Science Colloquium), H. MILLER and U. ROSENFELD (eds), Zentralblatt fur Geologie und Palaeontologie, Teil I: Allgemeine, Angewandte, Regionale und Historische Geologie, 3--4, 187--189. [Obituary of Friedrich Ahlfeld 6th October 1892 to 9th January 1982.]

CLAROS LAFUENTE, J., 1982. Federico Ahlfeld: el creador de la geologia boliviana. Los Tiempos newspaper, Cochabamba, Bolivia, January 1982. [Federico Ahlfeld: the creator of Bolivian geology.]

DANIELI, C. (1986) Dr. Federico Ahlfeld, 1892--1982. Revista del Instituto de Geologia y Mineria. Instituto de Geologia y Mineria, Universidad Nacional de Jujuy, San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina, 6, 261--264.

FAWCETT, P. H. (1953) Exploration Fawcett. Hutchison, London, 312 p.

JORDAN, E., 1982. Friedrich (Federico) Ahlfeld, 6.10.1892, 9.1.1982. Deutsche Alpenverein Journal, 7 p.

LONG, K. R., CIENER, J. S., URQUIDI-BARRAU, F., and AVILA SALINAS, W. (1989) Mineral Resource Bibliography of Bolivia. United States Geological Survey Open File Report 89-526, 113 p.

MESILI, A. (1996) La Cordillera Real de Los Andes--Bolivia. Los Amigos del Libro, Cochabamba, Bolivia, 2nd edition, p. 68--69.

NEATE, J. (1987) Mountaineering in the Andes: A Source Book for Climbers. Expedition Advisory Centre, London, p. 42.

RIVAS, S., and AHLFELD, F. (1998) Los Minerals de Bolivia y sus Parajes. Talleres de Industrias Graficas, Santa Cruz, Bolivia, 2 vols, 629 p.

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRIEDRICH (FEDERICO) AHLFELD

Including Titles Translated into English

[and TRAEGEL, H.] (1920) Die Zinnobervorkommen in der suedl. Toscana. Zeitschrift fur praktische Geologie, 28, 21--28, 37--46. [The cinnabar occurrences in south Tuscany, Italy.]

(1921) Die Mineralien der Provinz Hessen-Nassau. Doctoral thesis, University of Clausthal. [The Minerals of the Hessen-Nassau Province, Germany.]

(1922) Das Kupfervorkommen von Alghero auf Sardinien. Gluekauf, 58, 1507--1513. [The Copper occurrences of Alghero, Sardinia.]

(1923) Diamant-Vorkommen in Venezuela Zeitschrift fur praktische Geologie, 31, 76--77. [Diamond Occurrences in Venezuela].

(1924) Das Kles-und Schwerspatvorkommen in der Hahnstaetten--Katzenellen-bogener Molde. Gluekauf, 60, 35--39. [The gravel and barite occurrences in Hahnstatten--Katzenellen-bogener, Germany.]

(1925) Pufahlit, em neues sulfotannat. Metall und Erz, 22, 135-- 146. [Pufahlite, a new sulphostannate].

(1926) Los minerales de la region metalifera de la cordillera del norte, Bolivia. Revista Minera de Bolivia, 1, 102--112. [The minerals of the northern Cordillera Metalliferous Region, Bolivia].

(1926) Die Antimonitlagerstatte von Acora, Sudperu. Zeitschrift fur praktische Geologie, 34, 190--192. [The Stibnite Deposits of Acora, South Peru.]

(1926) Zinkteallit und Alaskait aus Bolivien. Zentralblatt fur Mineralogie, Geologie, und Palaontologie, Abteilung A, 1926, 388--391. [Zinc-teallite and alaskite from Bolivia.]

(1926) Zinnerzfuhrende Pegmatite in der Cordillera Real Boliviens. Metall und Erz, 23,420--424; published in Spanish as: Pegmatitas Estaniferas de la Cordillera Real de Bolivia. Boletin de la Sociedad Nacional de Mineria (Santiago), 3a Serie, 38 (1926), 1043--1048; published in English as The Tin-bearing Pegmatites of Bolivia. [Abstract]. Mining Journal, 155, 796-797. [The tin-bearing pegmatites of the Cordillera Real, Bolivia.]

(1927) Bemerkungen zu A. Paulys "Bolivianit und Silesit, zwei neue Mineralien der bolivianischen Zinnlagerstatten". Zentralblatt fur Mineralogie, Geologie, und Palaontologie, Abteilung A, 1927, 320--321. [Comments on A. Paulys' "Bolivianite and Silesite, two new minerals from the Bolivian tin deposits".]

(1927) Beitrage zur Kenntnis sekundarer Metall-verschiebungen auf bolivianisehen Zinnerzlagerstatten. Zeitschrift fur praktische Geologie, 35, 81--85. [Contribution to the knowledge of secondary metals in the Bolivian tin deposits.]

(1927) Boliviens Wismutbergbau. Metall und Erz, 24, 353--356; Berichtigung, 593. [Bolivian bismuth mining; discussion.]

(1927) Contribucion al conocimiento de las concentraciones secundarias de metales en los yacimientos bolivianos. Revista Minera de Bolivia, 2, 145--157. [Contribution to the knowledge of secondary metal concentrations in the Bolivian mineral deposits.]

(1927) Die Wolfram- und Antimonerzvorkommen Boliviens. Zeitschrift fur praktische Geologie, 35, 145--152. [The tungsten and antimony occurrences of Bolivia.]

(1927) Lage und Aussichten des bolivianischen Zinnbergbaus. Internationale Bergwirtschaft, 2, 83--85; also published in Metall und Erz, 24, 405--407. [The situation and outlook of Bolivian tin mining.]

(1927) Las minas de bismuto en Bolivia. Revista Minera de Bolivia, 2, 178--187. [The bismuth mines of Bolivia.]

(1927) Los minerales de antimonio en Bolivia. Revista Minera de Bolivia, 2, 171--177. [The antimony minerals of Bolivia.]

(1927) Los yacimientos auriferos en las cordilleras bolivianas. Revista Minera de Bolivia, 2, 43--49. [The gold deposits of the Bolivian Cordilleras.]

(1927) Los yacimnientos de wolfram en Bolivia. Revista Minera de Bolivia, 2, 225--237. [The tungsten deposits of Bolivia.]

(1927) Sobre un nuevo hallazgo de canfieldita. Revista Minera de Bolivia, 2, 158. [On a new discovery of canfieldite.]

(1928) Die Bleierzlagerstatten Boliviens. Metall und Erz, 25, 265--270. [The lead deposits of Bolivia.]

(1928) Zur Entstehung der Sulfostannate Boliviens. Zeitschrift fur praktische Geologie, 36, 43--44. [The origin of Bolivian suiphostannates.]

(1928) Die Bergwirtschaft Sud-Perus. In: Internationale Bergwirtschaft. Zeitschrift fur Erforschung, Erschiesung und Bewirtschaftung der Bodenschdtze, 3, 1--8. [The Mining Economy of South Peru.]

(1929) Die Metallprovinz der Ostanden Boliviens. Freiberger Geologische Gesellschaft Berichte, 12, 22--35. [The Metal Provinces of the Eastern Andes of Bolivia.]

(1929) Die Zinnerzgrube Uncia-Liallagua (Bolivia). Metall und Erz, 26, 349--354. [The Uncia-Llallagua tin mine, Bolivia.]

(1929) Die Zinnerzlagerstatte von Cargunicollo (Bolivien). Zeitschrift fur prakrische Geologie, 37, 216--219. [The Carguaicollo tin deposit, Bolivia.]

(1930) Discusion sobre la casiterita secundaria en las vetas de estano de Bolivia. Boletin de Ia Sociedad Nacional de Mineria (Santiago), 3a Serie, 42, 677--678. [Discussion about secondary cassiterite in the tin veins of Bolivia.]

(1930) Ramdorit, em neues Mineral aus Bolivien. Zentralblatt fur Mineralogie, Geologie, und Palaontologie Abteilung A, 1930, 365--367. [Ramdohrite, a new mineral from Bolivia]

(1930) Supergene cassiterite in tin veins (Discussion). Economic Geology, 25, 546--548.

(1930) Die Kupfererzlagerstiitten in Nordrhodesien und Katanga. Metall und Erz, 27. [The copper ore deposits of Northern Rhodesia and Katanga.]

(1930) Diamantlagerstatten in Suedafrica. Technische Blaetter. [The diamond deposits of South Africa.]

(1930) Die Goldlagerstatten des Witwatersrand. Technosche Blaetter. [The gold deposits of the Witwatersrand (of South Africa).]

(1931) Die Zinnerzlagerstatten Villa Apacheta, Bolivia. Zeitschrift fur praktische Geologie, 39, 33--38. [The Vilia Apacheta tin deposit, Bolivia.]

(1931) The tin ores of Uncia-Llallagua. Economic Geology, 26, 241--257.

(1931) Uber Tracht und Genesis des Zinnsteins. Deutsche mineralogische Gesellschaft Fortschritte der Mineralogie, Kristallographie und Petrographie, 16, 47--49. [The characteristics and genesis of tin ores.]

(1931) Vorkommen und Gewinnung des Goldes im andinen Bolivien. Metall und Erz, 28, 163--167. [The occurrence and winning of gold in the Bolivian Andes.]

(1931) Der Misti bei Arequipa, 5800 m. Zeitschrift der Schweiz. Alpenclubs, "Die Alpen," 7, 264--270. [Misti near Arequipa, 5800 in.]

[and WEGNER, R.] (1931) Uber die Herkunft der im Bereich altperuanischer Kulturen gefundenen Schmuckstuke aus Sodalith. Zeitschrift fur Ethnologie, 63, 288--296. [On the origin of sodalite jeweky discoveries in the old Peruvian culture.]

(1932) Die Silbererzlagerstatte Colquijirca (Peru). Zeitschrift fur praktische Geologie, 40, 81--87. [The Colquijirca silver deposit, Peru.]

(1932) Der Wismutberg Tasna. Zeitschrift fur praktische Geologie, 40, 119--125. [The Tasna bismuth deposit, Bolivia.]

(1932) Die Cordillera Quimsa Cruz. Zeitschrift der deutsche- und osterrische-Alpens, 63, 79--94. [The Cordillera Quimsa Crnz, Bolivia.]

(1932) Die Erzlagerstatten in der Tertiaren Magmaprovinz der bolivianischen Zentral Anden. Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, Beilage Band, Abteilung A, 65, 285--446. [The ore deposits of the Tertiary igneous province of the Central Andes of Bolivia.]

(1932) Grundlagen der Aufbereitung bolivianischer Zinnerze. Metall und Erz, 29, 178--18 1. [The basis of processing of Bolivian tin ores.]

(1932) Uber die Verteilung des Wolframs in der bolivianischen Metallprovinz. Chemie der Erde, 7, 121--129. [On the distribution of tungsten in the Bolivian metal province.]

(1932) Uber eine jungthermale Mimetesiylagerstatte in Bolivien. Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, Beilage Band, Abteilung A, 66, 41--46. [A young thermal inimetite deposit in Bolivia.]

(1932) Hochgipfel in den pernanischen Anden. Zeitschrift der Schweiz. Alpenclubs, "Die Alpen," 7, 1--7. [High peaks in the Peuvian Andes.]

(1933) Uber die Bildung der Kupferlagerstatte Corocoro. Zentralblatt fur Mineralogie, Geologie, und Palaontologie, Abteilung A, 11, 375--382. [On the Formation of the Corocoro Copper Deposit, Bolivia.]

(1933) Uber die Verbreitung des Wismuts in der Zinnprovinz Boliviens. Zeitschrift fur praktische Geologie, 41, 146--150. [On the distribution of tungsten in the Bolivian tin province.]

(1933) Die Realgarformation. Zeitschrift fur praktische Geologie, 41, 189--192. [The Mineralogy of Realgar.]

(1933) Die Kupfererzlagerstatte Naukat; beitrage zur Lagerstatten kunde von Westturkestan. Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Paldontologie, Beilage Band, Abteilung A, 67, 467--485. [The Copper red bed deposits of Naukat, West Turkestan.]

(1933) Uber die Bildung "sedimentarer" Schwefellagerstatten. Deutsche mineralogische Gesellschaft Fortschritte der Mineralogie, Kristallographie und Petrographie, 18, 12-13. [On the formation of sedimentary sulphur deposits (based on observations of sulphur deposits in Turkestan).]

[with MORITZ, H.] (1933) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Sulfostannate Boliviens. Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, Beilage Band, Abteilung A, 66, 179-212. [Contribution to the Knowledge of Sulphostannate Minerals in Bolivia.]

(1934) Die an Diabase gebundenen Nickelvorkommen in Nassau. Ber. Ges. Z. Befoerderung der ges. Naturwissenschaften Marburg, 68, 93-122. [On nickel-bearing diabase occurrences in Nassau, Germany.]

(1934) Uber die Bildung von Schwefellagerstatten. Chemie der Erde, 8, 613-621. [On the formation of sedimentary sulphur deposits.]

(1934) Uber die Systematik hydrothermaler Lagerstatten. Zeitschrift fur Praktische Geologie, 42, 13-14. [Classification of hydrothermal ore deposits.]

(1934) Die Erzvorkommen in Russisch-Turkestan. Metall und Erz, 31, 217-222. [The Metallogenic Epochs in Russian Turkestan.]

(1934) Uber Zinnkies. Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, Beilage Band, Abteilung A, 68, 268-287. [The Mineralogy of Stannite.]

(1934) Neue Baryt- und Witheritvorkommen in Turkmenien. Zeitschrift fur Praktische Geologie, 42, 129-133. [New barite and witherite deposits in Turkestan.]

(1935) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Schwefellagerstatten Turkestans. Zeitschrift fur Praktische Geologie, 43, 33-41. [Contribution to the Knowledge of the Sulphur Deposits of Turkestan.]

(1935) Neue Beobachtungen am Cerro von Potosi. Zeitschrift fur praktische Geologie, 43, 167-171. [New observations on the Cerro Rico of Potosi, Bolivia.]

(1935) Die Antimonit- und Zinnoberlargerstatten im Alai (Beitraege zur Largerstattenkunde von West-Turkestan Nr. 2). Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, Beilage Band, Abteilung A, 69, 255-275. [The Stibnite and Cinnabar Deposits of Alai, West Turkestan.]

[with MOSEBACH, R.] (1935) Uber Alkaligesteine in de Bolivien Ostkordillera, Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, Beilage Band, Abteilung A, 69, 388-414. [Alkali syenites in the Eastern Cordillera of Bolivia.]

(1935) Die Bodenschatze von Russich-Turkestan. Frieberg. Geologischen Gessellschaft, 15, 17-23. [The Mineral Resources of Turkestan, Russia.]

[with HIMMEL, H.] (1935) Beitrage zur Kenntnis bolivianischer Mineralien - I, Zinnstein. Zentralblatt fur Mineralogie, Geologie, und Palaontologie, Abteilung A, 1935, 257-264. [Contributions to the Knowledge of Bolivian Mineralogy, I, Cassiterite.]

[with HIMMEL, H.] (1935) Beitrage zur Kenntnis bolivianischer Mineralien - II, Wurtzit. Zentralblatt fur Mineralogie, Geologie, und Palaontologie, Abteilung A, 1935, 314-318. [Contributions to the Knowledge of Bolivian Mineralogy, II, Wurtzite.]

(1935) Beitrage zur Kenntnis bolivianischer Mineralien - III, Zinnkies. Zentralblatt fur Mineralogie, Geologie, und Palaontologie, Abteilung A, 1935, 161-169. [Contribution to the Knowledge of Bolivian Mineralogy - III, Stannite.]

[with HIMMEL, H. and KLEBER, W.] (1935) Beitrage zur Kenntnis bolivianischer Mineralien - IV, Teallit. Zentralblatt fur Mineralogie, Geologie, und Palaontologie, Abteilung A, 1935, 225-231. [Contributions to the Knowledge of Bolivian Mineralogy, IV, Teallite.]

[with HIMMEL, H. and KLEBER, W.] (1935) Beitrage zur Kenntnis bolivianischer Mineralien - V, Franckeit. Zentralatt fur Mineralogie, Geologie, und Palaontologie, Abteilung A, 1935, 292-298. [Contributions to the Knowledge of Bolivian Mineralogy, V, Franckeite.]

[HERZENBERG, R. and] (1935) Blockit, ein neues Selenerz aus Bolivien. Zentralblatt fur Mineralogie, Geologie, und Palaontologie, Abteilung A, 1935, 277-279. [Blockite, a new selenide ore from Bolivia.]

[and MOSEBACH, R.] (1936) Brickerit, ein neues Mineral. Zentralblatt far Mineralogie, Geologie, und Palaontologie, Abteilung A, No. 8, 1935, 226-231. [Brickerite, a new mineral (from Bolivia).]

(1936) Die Zink- und Kadmiumlagerstatten von Berenguela, Bolivien. Metall und Erz, 33, 613-615. [The Zinc-Cadmium Deposits of Berenguela, Bolivia.]

(1936) Em neues Nutzglimmervorkommen in Bolivien. Zeitschrift fur praktische Geologie, 44, 143-145. [A new occurrence of mica in Bolivia.]

(1936) The Bolivian tin belt. Economic Geology, 31, 48-72.

(1936) The tin deposits of Llallagua: discussion of Turneaure, F.S. (1935). Economic Geology, 31, 219-221.

(1936) Varlaufige Mitteilung uber die Ergebnisse meiner Studienreisen in Bolivien. Zentralblatt far Mineralogie, Geologie, und Palaontologie, Abteilung A, 1936, no. 7, 214-222. [Preliminary results of a study trip in Bolivia.]

(1936) Zinnobervorkommen in Bolivien. Metall und Erz, 33, 509- 510. [Cinnabar in Bolivia (Huarina, Titicaca).]

(1936) Die Entstehungsbedingungen "sedimentaerer" Schwefellagerstatten. Ber. Ges. Z. Befoerderung der ges. Naturwissenschaften Marburg, 70, 85-92. [Studies of the "sedimentary" sulfur deposits (in Romagna, Italy).]

(1937) Die Nickelerzvorkommen in Bolivien. Metall und Erz, 34, 73-75. [The nickel ore occurrences of Bolivia.]

(1937) Typen bolivianischer Goldlagerstatten. Zentralblatt fur Mineralogie, Geologie, und Palaontologie, Abteilung A, 1937, no. 8, 240-255. [The Bolivian Gold deposits.]

(1937) Uber das Alter der zinnbringenden Magmengesteins Boliviens. Zentralblatt far Mineralogie, Geologie, und Palaontologie, Abteilung A, 1937, no. 2, 34-38. [The Age of the Tinbearing Granites of Bolivia.]

[and MUNOZ REYES, J.] (1937) Los minerales de Bolivia. Imprenta Artistica, La Paz, Bolivia, 194 p. [The Minerals of Bolivia.]

[BLOCK, H. and] (1937) Die Selenlagerstatte Pacajake, Bolivien. Zeitschrift fur praktische Geologie, 45, 9-14. [The Selenium Deposit of Pacajake, Bolivia.]

(1938) Die Silber-Zinnerzlagerstatten von Colquechaca, Bolivien. Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, Beilage Band, Abteilung A, 74, 466-492. [The Colquechaca silver-tin deposit, Bolivia.]

(1938) Die Zinnerzlagerstatte Monserrat, Bolivien. Zeitschrift fur praktische Geologie, 46, 71-75. [The tin deposit of Monserrat, Bolivia.]

(1938) Epithermale Wolframlagerstatten in Bolivien. Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, Beilage Band, Abteilung A, 74, 1-19. [Epithermal Tungsten Ore Deposits in Bolivia].

(1938). Die Erzlagerstatten Chinas. Metall und Erz, 10, 245-252. [The Ore Deposits of China.]

[and MUNOZ REYES, J.] (1938) Mineralogie von Bolivien. Gebruder Borntrager, Berlin, 89 p. [The Mineralogy of Bolivia.]

[with MOSEBACH, R. and OEHMICHEN, H.] (1938) Zinnerzvorkommenin der Provinz Hunan (China). Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Paldontologie, Beilage Band, Abteilung A, 73, 327-351. [Tin Ore Occurrences in Hunan, China.]

(1939) Die Silber-Blei-Zinkerzlagerstatte Pulacayo (Bolivien). Neues Jahrbuch far Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, Beilage Band, Abteilung A, 75, 1-23. [The silver-lead-zinc ore deposit of Pulacayo, Bolivia.]

(1939). Geologische und lagersthttenkundliche Neuigkeiten aus Bolivien. Zeitschrift der Deutschne Geologischen Gesellschaft, 91, 560-561. [An account of the development of the mineral resources of Bolivia (in 1938 and 1939).]

(1939). Las reservas de estano de Bolivia. Bolivia, Direccion General de Minas y Petroleo Boletin, 1, 22-33. [The tin reserves of Bolivia.]

(1939) Die inkaische Festung Cuticutini in der bolivianischen Ostkordillerer. Zeitschrift fur Ethnologie, 64, 260-262. [The lucan celebrations at Cuticutini in the Eastern Cordillera of Bolivia.]

[and MUNOZ REYES, J.] (1939) Die Bodenschatze Boliviens. Gebruder Borntrager, Berlin, 199 p. [The Mineral Resources of Bolivia (with Mineral Deposits Map at 1:1,500,000.)]

(1940) Die Zinnerzreserven Boliviens. Metall und Erz, 37, 173-176. [The Tin Ore Reserves of Bolivia.]

(1940) Estudio geologico mineralogico del yacimiento estanifero de Monserrat. Bolivia, Direccion General de Minas y Petroleo Boletin, 1, 36-44. [A geological and mineralogical study of the Monserrat tin deposit, Bolivia.]

(1940) Geologia historica de los Andes Bolivianos. Bolivia, Direccion General de Minas y Petroleo Boletin, 1, 36-44. [Geological history of the Bolivian Andes.]

(1940) Informe geologico de los yacimientos de wolfram y estano de la region del Illimani. Bolivia, Direccion General de Minas y Petroleo Boletin, 1, 1-14. [Geological report on the tungsten and tin deposits of the Illimani Region, Bolivia.]

(1940) Las reservas de wolfram de Bolivia Bolivia, Direccion General de Minas y Petroleo Boletin, 1, 17-23. [The tungsten reserves of Bolivia.]

(1940) Yacimientos de fierro de Puerto Suarez. Bolivia, Dirrecion General de Minas y Petroleo Boletin, 1, 47-55. [The iron ore deposits of Puerto Suarez, Bolivia.]

[with CANEDO R., R.] (1940) Yacimientos cupriferos de Chacarilla. Bolivia, Direccion General de Minas y Petroleo Boletin, 1, 27-35. [The copper deposits of Chacarilla, Bolivia.]

(1941) El yacimiento de selenio de Pacajake. Bolivia, Ministerio de la Economia Nacional Boletin lnformativo, 1, 23-28. [The Pacajake selenium deposit, Bolivia.]

(1941) Informe geologico sobre el distrito wolframifero de Conde Auque. Bolivia, Ministerio de la Economia Nacional Boletin Informativo, 1, 17-22. [Geological report on the Conde Auque tungsten district, Bolivia.]

(1941) Informe sobre los yacimientos de wolfram en los distritos de Unduavi y Chucura. Bolivia, Ministerlo de la Economia Nacional Boletin Informativo, 1. [Report on the tungsten deposits in the districts of Unduavi and Chucura, Bolivia.]

(1941) Los yacimientos minerales de Bolivia. Direccion General de Minas y Petroleo, Litografias e Imprentas Unidas, La Paz, Bolivia, 282 p. [The Mineral Deposits of Bolivia.]

(1941) Zoning in the Bolivian tin belt. Economic Geology, 36, 569-588; Distribucion zonar en la zona estanifera boliviana [abstract], Sociedad Nacional de Mineria (Chile) Boletin Minero, 3a Serie, 53, 1155-1158.

(1942) Geologia de los yacimientos de wolfram de Bolivia. Congreso Panamericano de Ingenieria de Minas y Geologia, 1st, Santiago, Chile, Jan. 1942, Anales, 3, Pt. 2 (Geologia), 1269-1277. [Geology of the tungsten deposits of Bolivia.]

(1942) Los yacimientos de wolfram de Bolivia. Direccion General de Minas y Petroleo, Litografias y Imprentas Unidas, La Paz. Bolivia, 108 P. [The tungsten deposits of Bolivia.]

(1942) Minerales raros estrategicos en Bolivia. Bolivia, Ministerio de la Economia Nacional Boletin, 2, n. 4/5. [Rare, strategic minerals in Bolivia.]

(1942) Systematics and ore reserves of the Bolivian tin deposits. American Science Congress, 8th, Washington, D.C., 1940, Proceedings, 4, 697-699.

(1942) Informe geologico sobre los estudios realizados para inferir la posibilidad de encontrar aguas surgentes en el Departamento de Chuquisaca. Bolivia, Ministerio de Ia Economia Nacional Boletin, 2, n. 5. [Geological report on the studies carried out to infer the possibility of discovering springs of groundwater in the Department of Chuquisaca (Bolivia).]

(1942) Informe geologico sobre los yacimientos de carbon de piedra en la peninsula de Copacabana. Bolivia, Ministerio de Ia Economia Nacional Boletin, 2, n. 5. [Geological report on the coal deposits of the Copacabana peninsula (Bolivia).]

(1943) Los yacimientos de crocidolita en las yungas de Cochabamba (Bolivia). Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Museo, Notas, 8 (Geologia no. 27), 355-371. [The crocidolite deposits in the Yungas of Cochabamba, Bolivia.]

[with MUNOZ REYES, J.] (1943) Los minerales de Bolivia. Litografias e Imprentas Unidas for Direcci6n General de Minas y Petroleo, La Paz, Bolivia, 267 p. [The Minerals of Bolivia.]

(1943) Hochgebirge und Andinismus in Bolivien. Andina, 1943, 53-56. [Highlands and Mountaineering in Bolivia.]

(1944) La geologia del mineral de San Cristobal de Lipez (Bolivia). Mineral Boliviana, 1 (8), 9-15. [The geology of the San Cristobal de Lipez mineral deposit, Bolivia.]

(1944) Materias primas de la industria marmolera de Bolivia. Bolivia, Ministerio de la Economia Nacional. [Primary materials for the Bolivian marble industry.]

(1944) Un nuevo tipo de yacimientos estaniferos en Bolivia. Industria Minera (Buenos Aires), 4 (30). [A new type of tin deposit in Bolivia.]

(1944) Tetradimita de la Sierra de Cordoba. Boletin de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas etc., Universidad de Cordoba, 7, 159-161. [Tetradymite in the Sierra de Cordoba (Argentina).]

(1945) Geologia de los yacimientos de "estailo madera" de Macha (Bolivia) y de yacimientos similares del noroeste argentino. Notas del Museo de La Plata, Geologia, 10 (36), 35-54. [The Geology of the "Wood Tin" Deposits of Macha (Bolivia) and similar deposits in northwestern Argentina]

(1945) Mina de oro en Araca. Mineria Boliviana, 2 (18), 17-18. [The Araca gold mine, Bolivia.]

(1945) Resena Geologica de la Cuenca de La Paz. Mineria Boliviana, 2, (16), 11-15, and 2 (17), 11-15. [A Geological summary of the La Paz Basin.]

(1945) The Chicote tungsten deposit, Bolivia. Economic Geology, 40, 394-407.

(1945) Las altas cordilleras y el andinismo en Bolivia. Boletin del Club Andino Boliviano, 1, 6-20. [The high cordilleras and (early history of) mountaineering in Bolivia.]

(1946) Ascension al Cerro Bonete. Boletin del Club Andino Boliviano, 2, 11-13. [Ascent of Cerro Bonete, Bolivia.]

(1946) Sajama, Parque Nacional. Boletin del Club Andino Boliviano, 3, 6-9. [Mount Sajama National Park, Bolivia.]

(1946) Danburita de Bolivia Universidad de Cordoba, Museo de Mineria y Geologia Comunicacion 1, 8p. [Danburite in Bolivia.]

(1946) Estudios sobre la procedencia de las piedras semipreciosas y las rocas encontradas en las ruinas preincaicas de Tiahuanacu. Sociedad Geologica de Peru Boletin, 19, 34-44; also published in Mineria Boliviana, 1949,6(45), 5-10. [Study of the Procedence of Semi-Precious Stones and Rocks Found in the Pre-inca Tiwanaku Ruins, Bolivia.]

(1946) Geologia de Bolivia. Universidad de La Plata, Museo de La Plata Revista (Nueva Serie) Seccion Geologia, 3, 5-370. [The Geology of Bolivia (with Geological map at 1:1,212,000).]

(1946) Geologia de los yacimientos de antimonio en Bolivia. Mineria Boliviana, 3(26), 11-16; 3(30), 9-14; 3(31), 13-14. [Geology of the antimony deposits in Bolivia.]

(1946) Geologia de los yacimientos de "estano madera". Industria Minera (Buenos Aires), 6(60), 52-57. [The Geology of Wood Tin Deposits (of Macha, Bolivia and northwestern Argentina).]

(1946) Investigaciones geologicas en la provincia Sud Lipez (Bolivia). Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, Argentina Instituto de Mineralogia y Geologia Cuadernos, 4(15), 149-162 (Publicacion 400). [Geological investigations of the South Lipez Province, Bolivia.]

(1946) Mapa de los yacimientos minerales de Bolivia con una memoria explicativa. Direccion General de Minas y Petroleo, La Paz, Bolivia, 19 p. [Map of the Mineral Deposits of Bolivia with an Explanatory Memoir (1:1,000,000).]

(1946) Nuevas investigaciones sobre minerales de Bolivia. Mineria Boliviana, 3(26), 11-16. [New investigations of minerals in Bolivia.]

(1946) Una mina preincaica de piedras semipreciosas en Turco. Mineria Boliviana, 3(29), 9-10. [A pre-inca semiprecious stone mine in Turco, Bolivia.]

(1947). Dos estudios sobre depositos de azufre. Revista de la Sociedad Geologica de Argentina, 2(2), 113-121. [Two studies of sulfur deposits.]

(1947) Geologia de la peninsula Cumana. Mineria Boliviana, 4(32), 17-19. [Geology of the Cumana Peninsula, Bolivia.]

(1947) Geology of the antimony deposits in Bolivia. U.S. Bureau of Mines Mineral Technology Notes, 20, 11 p.

(1948) Estudios geologicos de yacimientos minerales de la provincia de Jujuy; Parte 1. Universidad del Tucuman, Argentina, Instituto de Mineralogia y Geologia Yacimientos Minerales, 1, 85 p. (Publicacion 455). [Geological Studies of Mineral Deposits of the Province of Jujuy, Argentina, Part 1.]

(1948) Estudios geologicos de yacimientos minerales de la provincia de Jujuy; Parte 2. Universidad del Tucuman, Argentina, Instituto de Mineralogia y Geologia Yacimientos Minerales, 2, 65 p. (Publicacion 474). [Geological Studies of the Mineral Deposits of the Province of Jujuy, Argentina, Part 2.]

(1948) La terminacion meridional de la faja estanifera boliviana. Revista de la Asociacion Geologica Argentina, 3(2), 133-144. [The Southern Termination of the Bolivian Tin Belt in Argentina.]

(1948) La boratera de Cayaguaima, provincia de Jujuy. Revista de la Asociacion Geologica Argentina, 3(4), 271-278. [The Cayaguaima borate deposit, Province of Jujuy, Argentina.]

(1948) An unusual antimony deposit in Argentina. Economic Geology, 43, 598-602.

(1948) Resena geologica del departamento de La Paz. Mineria Boliviana, 5(40), 8-12. [A geological summary of the Department of La Paz, Bolivia.]

[with ANGELELLI, V.] (1948) Las especies minerales de la Republica de Argentina. Universidad del Tucuman, Argentina, Instituto de Mineralogia y Geologia Yacimientos Minerales, Publicacion no. 458, 304 p. [The Mineral Species of the Republic of Argentina]

(1949) La caliza de Huancane-Pazna. Mineria Boliviana, 6(48), 5-8. [The limestone of Huancane-Pazna, Bolivia.]

(1949) La terminacion meridional de la faja estanifera boliviana. Mineria Boliviana, 6(46), 5-10. [The southern termination of the Bolivian tin belt in Argentina.]

(1950). Geologia de la mina Pirquitas. Mineria Boliviana, 6(52), 5-14. [Geology of the Pirquitas Mine, Argentina.]

(1951) A new locality for greenockite crystals in Bolivia American Mineralogist, 36, 165-166.

(1951) General considerations concerning the possibilities of discovery of mineral deposits in Bolivia. United Nations Scientific Conference on the Conservation and Utilization of Resources, Lake Success, New York, 1949, Proceedings, 2, 82.

[and Knobler, R.] (1951) Die Entwicklung von Erzbergbau und Erzaufbereitung in Bolivien wahrend der letzten zehn Jabre. Zeitschrift fur Erzbergbau und Metallhuttenwesen, 4, 295-296. [The development of ore mining and processing in Bolivia during the last ten years.]

(1952) Die sudbolivianische Antimonprovinz. Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 83, 313-346. [The southern Bolivian antimony province.]

(1952) El yacimiento argento-estanifero de la mina Asunta. Mineria Boliviana, 10(71). [The silver-tin deposit of the Asunta mine, Bolivia.]

(1953) Die Metallprovinz des Altiplano (Bolivien). Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie Abhandlungen, 85, 1-58. [The metallogenic provinces of the Altiplano, Bolivia.]

(1954). Los yacimientos minerales de Bolivia. Imprenta Industria, Bilbao for Banco Minero de Bolivia and Corporacion Minera de Bolivia, 277 p. [The Mineral Deposits of Bolivia (Location map 1:1,500,000).]

(1954). Die Wolframlagerstatten Spaniens. Zeitschrift fur Erzbergbau und Metallhuttenwesen (Erzmetall), 7, 290-295. [The Tungsten Deposits of Spain.]

(1955) Geologie der Blei-Zinkerlagerstaette Aguilar (Argentinien). Zeitschrift fur Erzbergbau und Metallhusettenwesen (Erzmetall), 8, 551-556. [The Geology of the Aguila Lead-Zinc Deposit, Argentina.]

[with MUNOZ REYES, J.] (1955) Las especies minerales de Bolivia. Banco Minero de Bolivia, La Paz, Bolivia, 180 p. [The mineral species of Bolivia.]

(1956) Sodaseen in Lipez (Bolivien). Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie Monatshefte, 1956, no. 6-7, 128-136. [Soda in Lipez, Bolivia.]

(1956) Dolmen in Bolivien. Zeitschrift fur Ethnologie, 81, 299-300. [Dolmens (prehistoric tomb monuments) in Bolivia.]

(1957) Die zonale Verteilung der Erzlagerstatten in der bolivianischen Metallprovinz. Neues Jahrbuch fir Mineralogie Abhandlungen, 91, 329-350. [The vertical zoning of the ore deposits in the Bolivian Metallogenic Provinces.]

(1958). Die metallischen Rohstoffe; ihre Lagerungsverhaltnisse und ihre wirtschaftliche Bedeutung; vol. 11, Zinn und Wolfram.

Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart, 212 p. [Monograph on Tin and Tungsten Deposits.]

(1959) Zinnseifen in Bolivien. Zeitschrift fur Erzbergbau und Metallhuttenwesen (Erzmetall,) 12, 287-291. [Tin placers (tin washing) in Bolivia.]

[RAMDOHR, P. and, with BERNDT, F.] (1959) Angelellit, ein naturliches triklines Eisen-Arsenat, [2Fe.sub.2][O.sub.3][As.sub.2][O.sub.4]. Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Monatschefte, 7, 145-151. [Angelellite, a natural triclinic iron arsenate.]

[with BRANISA, L.] (1960) Geologia de Bolivia. Instituto Boliviano del Petroleo, La Paz, Bolivia, 245 p. [The Geology of Bolivia (Geological map 1:1,500,000).]

(1962) Los yacimientos estaniferos (aluviales) en Bolivia. Bolivia, Direccion General de Minas y Petroleo Publicaciones, 2(5), 3-8. [The alluvial tin deposits of Bolivia.]

(1962). Neue Erkenntnisse uber Stratigraphie und Tektonik Boliviens. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie Monatshefte, Abteilung B, 1962, no. 6, 293-303. [New Knowledge on Stratigraphy and Tectonics of Bolivia.]

(1962). Problemas de sedimentacion en el Altiplano. Instituto Boliviano del Petroleo Boletin, 3(2), 7-9. [Sedimentation problems on the Altiplano, Bolivia.]

[with SCHNEIDER-SHERBINA, A.] (1964) Los yacimientos minerales y de hidrocarburos de Bolivia. Departamento Nacional de Geologia, Bolivia, Boletin 5 (Especial), 388 p. [The mineral and hydrocarbon deposits of Bolivia (Location Map 1:1,500,000).]

(1965) Die Entwicklung des Metallerzbergbaus in Bolivien wahrend des letzten Jahrzehnt. Erzmetall, 18, 423-427. [The development of the metal mines in Bolivia during the last decade.]

(1965) Investigaciones geologicas en Ayopaya. Instituto Boliviano del Petroleo Boletin, 5(3/4), 52-62. [Geological investigations in Ayopaya, Bolivia.]

(1966). Geologische Untersuchungen in der Provinz Ayopaya (Bolivien). Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 104, 147-171. [Geological Investigations in the Ayopaya Province, Bolivia; Geological map, 1:300,000.]

(1967) La linea geotectonica "lchilo". Instituto Boliviano del Petroleo Boletin, 7(2), 7-12. [The Ichilo geotectonic line, Bolivia.]

(1967). Metallogenetic epochs and provinces of Bolivia; Part 1, The tin province; Part 2, The metallogenic provinces of the Altiplano. Mineralium Deposita, 2, 291-311.

(1967) Mineralogia Boliviana. Editorial Los Amigos del Libro, La Paz and Cochabamba, Bolivia, 214 p. [Bolivian Mineralogy.]

(1969) Geografia de Bolivia; geografia fisica. Editorial Los Amigos del Libro, La Paz and Cochabamba, Bolivia, 239 p. [The Physical Geography of Bolivia.]

(1969) El yacimiento estanifero de la Mina Candelaria. Sociedad Gelogica Boliviana Boletin, 12, 18-21. [The Candelaria Mine tin deposit, Bolivia.]

[with SEDA-REYDA C., S.] (1969) Sobre un hallazgo de corindon en Bolivia. Sociedad Gelogica Boliviana Boletin, 9, 25-26. [A Discovery of Corundum in Bolivia.]

(1969) La Cordillera de Munecas. Nivel 4000, Cochabamba, 1, 4-7. [The Munecas Cordillera, Bolivia.]

(1970). Nuevos minerales de Bolivia. Sociedad Geologica Boliviana Boletin, 14, 44-50. [New Minerals in Bolivia.]

(1970) Zur Tektonik des andinen Bolivien. Geologischen Rundschau, 59, 1 124-1 140. [On the Tectonics of the Bolivian Andes.]

(1972) Geologia de Bolivia. Editorial Los Amigos del Libro, La Paz and Cochabamba, Bolivia, 190 p. [The Geology of Bolivia.]

(1973) Geografia de Bolivia; geografia fisica. Editorial Los Amigos del Libro, La Paz and Cochabamba, Bolivia, 2nd Edition, 248 p. [The Physical Geography of Bolivia.]

(1973) La edad de la Serie Jacadigo. Boletin de la Sociedad Geol6gica Boliviana, 20, 19-21. [The age of the Jacadigo Series, Bolivia-Brazil.]

(1974) Neue Beobachtungen uber die Tektonik und die Antimon-lagerstatten Boliviens. Mineralium Deposita, 9, 125-131. [New observations on the Tectonics and Antimony Deposits of Bolivia.]

(1975) Rocas alcalinas y sodanta de Ayopaya. Yacimientos Petroliferos Fiscales Bolivianos Revista Tecnica, 4, 631-636. [Alkaline rocks and sodalite of Ayopaya, Bolivia.]

[RIVAS, S. and] (1998). Los Minerals de Bolivia y sus Parajes. Talleres de Industrias Graficas Sirena, Santa Cruz, Bolivia, 2 vols, 629 p. [The Minerals of Bolivia and their Localities,]